Comparing the Global Innovation Index (GII) of India with other countries
Author(s): S. K. Kulshrestha, Suresh Sharma
Publication #: 2511024
Date of Publication: 16.11.2025
Country: India
Pages: 1-9
Published In: Volume 11 Issue 6 November-2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17623136
Abstract
The Global Innovation Index (GII) provides a comprehensive assessment of countries' innovation capacities, utilising over 80 indicators that examine infrastructure, human capital, research, and development. This study aims to evaluate India's GII performance relative to other leading nations, with a focus on identifying strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement. India ranks 39th globally in the 2024 GII, showing notable progress, particularly in innovation outputs such as patents, ICT services, and start-ups, but continues to face challenges in key input areas like infrastructure, human capital, and R&D investment. A comparative analysis with countries such as Switzerland, the United States, China, Brazil, and Vietnam highlights significant gaps in India's innovation ecosystem, particularly in infrastructure and human capital development. Switzerland, with its robust infrastructure, R&D spending, and strong business-university collaboration, sets a model for India to emulate. Similarly, China’s substantial investments in ICT and R&D have contributed to its rapid ascent in the GII rankings. The study suggests that India can improve its GII performance by increasing R&D investment, enhancing educational quality, strengthening infrastructure, and simplifying business regulations. By drawing on best practices from high-performing nations, India has the potential to become a global leader in innovation, fostering sustainable growth and competitiveness on the international stage.
Keywords: Global Innovation Index, India, innovation performance, infrastructure, human capital, R&D, comparative analysis, innovation policy.
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