Paper Details
Various Bone Marrow Abnormalties in Bone Marrow Aspiration and Bone Marrow Biopsy of Hematological and Non-hematological Disorders
Authors
Shubhangi Jain, Shashikant Mavadiya, Pooja Dattani
Abstract
Introduction
Bone marrow is the major site of haematopoiesis giving rise to the three cellular elements namely erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets. Various haematological disorders may arise from abnormality in one of the three lineages. It thus becomes necessary to examine the bone marrow to determine the actual cause. Indications have included the diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic monitoring for lymphoproliferative disorders.
Materials and Method
• Study design: Retrospective case study
• Study duration: January 2022 to January 2023
• Study group: All case of bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy investigation received in central laboratory, Dhiraj hospital.
• Sample size: 50 cases
• Source of data: Bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy reports in central laboratory , Dhiraj hospital, Waghodia, Vadodara
Method
• After obtaining informed consent, patients were made to lie in left or right lateral position with knees drawn up.
• The area was cleaned with betadine and 70% ethanol, following which skin, subcutaneous tissue, and periosteum were infiltrated with 5 ml of 2% lignocaine.
• With a boring movement, Salah bone marrow aspiration needle was passed perpendicularly into the ileal cavity.
• After the bone was penetrated, the stylet was removed, 20 ml syringe was attached, and 0.3–0.5 ml of marrow contents was sucked up to make films and needle withdrawn.
• Jamshidi™ trephine biopsy needle was inserted into the bone from the same site but in a different direction, using a to-and-fro movement to obtain a core of tissue.
• Touch smears were made.
• Giemsa staining was done for aspiration, and H and stain was done on biopsy.
Results
• 0-10 years age group were the most common age group for investigation of bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy.
• The most common diagnosis is Acute leukaemia (18%),megaloblastic changes (10%) ,Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (4%), and erythroid hyperplasia (2%). Few other cases include: multiple myeloma (8%), polycythaemia vera (2%) ,hypereosinophilia (4%), lymphoma (6%), CML (6%), CLL (4%). There are 18% inconclusive result and 16% shows normal bone marrow picture for age.
Conclusion
Acute Leukaemia was the most common diagnosis encountered in this study.
Aspiration gives us information on results based on the cytomorphology of cellular components of the marrow whereas, a biopsy section is far more superior when it comes to assessing the histology and architectural pattern of the marrow involvement.
Keywords
Leukaemia, Bone to Marrow Biopsy, Haematological Disorder
Citation
Various Bone Marrow Abnormalties in Bone Marrow Aspiration and Bone Marrow Biopsy of Hematological and Non-hematological Disorders. Shubhangi Jain, Shashikant Mavadiya, Pooja Dattani. 2024. IJIRCT, Volume 10, Issue 2. Pages . https://www.ijirct.org/viewPaper.php?paperId=2403072